Equivalent weights were originally determined by experiment, but insofar as they are still used are now derived from molar masses. How to calculate alkalinity as concentration of caco3 sciencing. What is the equivalent weight of potassium carbonate answers. How to read a water report german brewing and more. An equivalent is defined as the gram molecular weight divided by the valence. If 1 mol of nacl and 1 mol of cacl 2 dissolve in a solution, there is 1 equiv na, 2 equiv ca, and 3 equiv cl in that solution. Multiply alkalinity in eql by the equivalent weight of caco3 to calculate it in. Theoretical equivalent weight of sulfuric acid h 2 so 4 49. The carbonate family of ions are the big players in determining brewing water chemistry. Hydrogen carbonate ion hco3 molecular weight endmemo. The former case applies to acids, which are proton donors, while the second applies to bases, which are proton acceptors. It has a role as a human metabolite, a saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, an escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite.
It is an archaic unit of measurement that was used in chemistry and the biological sciences in the era before researchers knew how to determine the chemical formula for a compound. The onset of action occurs within 30 minutes and the effect lasts for 1 to 2 hours. Divide the molar mass by the ion charge or oxidation number for caco3 to determine equivalent eq. Sep 06, 2011 an equivalent is defined as the gram molecular weight divided by the valence. Calculate the ph for an aqueous solution of acetic acid that contains 6. Bicarbonate ion definition of bicarbonate ion by medical. Upon dissociation, sodium bicarbonate forms sodium and bicarbonate ions. It consists of one carbon atom surrounded by three oxygen atoms, in a trigonal planar arrangement, with d 3h molecular symmetry.
As the equivalent weight of bicarbonate ion is 61 that measn 122 mgl bicarbonate concentration. Calculations, quantities, dilutions and concentrations. This formula assumes that the waters alkalinity is only represented by bicarbonate and the acid needed to lower its ph to the reference ph of 4. This test measures the total amount of carbon dioxide co 2 in the blood, which.
The amount of any calcium in any lime is standardized to calcium carbonate, using cce, calcium carbonate equivalent. Bicarbonate ion is a polyatomic ion whose formula is hco3. Calculation of bicarbonate, carbonate and hydroxide alkalinity. How would one calculate the equivalent weights of the caustic. Sodium bicarbonate is contraindicated in patients with renal failure, respiratory or metabolic. Equivalent weights were originally determined by experiment, but. Equivalent weight also known as gram equivalent is the mass of one equivalent, that is the mass of a given substance which will combine with or displace a fixed quantity of another substance. In every case, it is necessary to define the unit weight basis of the resultsppm alkalinity as caco3 or ppm sulfate as so4 2 or ppm silica as sio2. Here, the molecular weight of bicarbonate ion is, the total charge on the bicarbonate ion is, and an equivalent weight of bicarbonate ion is. Definitions of equivalent weight acidbase context the weight of a compound that contains one equivalent of a proton for acid or one equivalent of an hydroxide for base examples. The basics of ion exchange and water chemistry the water.
A dose of 24 mlkg of 3% nacl provides an equivalent sodium ion concentration to that of a dose of 12meqkg sodium bicarbonate. The unit of equivalent weight is the atomic mass unit. Therefore, the equivalent weight of bicarbonate ion is given by. It is the conjugate base of the hydrogen carbonate bicarbonate ion, hco. Since the valence of bicarbonate is 1 actually 1, its the same as the molecular weight. Bicarbonate ion concentration in mgl is a bit bigger than the alkalinity by about 6150 or 22% under normal circumstances. The bicarbonate ion carries a negative one formal charge and is the. Note that for demineralizer calculations, the co 32 ion will not exist as a divalent carbonate ion but as a monovalent bicarbonate ion hco 31 with a conversion. Structure, properties, spectra, suppliers and links for. Feb, 2010 nahco3 already has one hydrogen and hco31 bicarbonate anion is the ion to be titrated. This 24mlkg dose of 3% nacl will provide approximately 12meq of sodium per kilogram of body weight.
Equivalent weight of an oxidizing or reducing agent. Chemical epm to ppm conversion last updated on wed, feb 2019 calculation formulas conversions the following table lists the equivalent weight of various cations and anions. Dec 05, 2012 as the equivalent weight of bicarbonate is 61 mgmeq we would multiply the 3. Converting carbonate alkalinity from mgl as caco3 to mgl as. Divide the molar mass by the ion charge or oxidation number to determine equivalent. Calculating calcium hardness as caco3 water chemistry. It consists of one carbon atom surrounded by three oxygen atoms, in a trigonal planar arrangement, with d3h molecular symmetry. The equivalent weight of a substance may vary with the type of reaction it undergoes. The weight of a compound that contains one equivalent of a proton for acid or one equivalent of an hydroxide fo. Convert the concentration of bicarbonate ion from mgl to mgl as using the expression here. The initial dose of intravenous 1 meqkg is administered. Calculate alkalinity in terms of calcium carbonate using titrate volume, titrate concentration, water sample volume, a correction factor based on the titration method and the conversion factor for milliequivalents to milligrams of calcium carbonate. The valence of calcium is 2, so for that ion you have 1 mole and 2 equivalents. Chemical epm to ppm conversion calculation formulas.
The variables used are the volume of acid b used in the titration, the concentration of the acid c a, the volume of water in the sample v s and a correction. Human drugs fda approved drug products with therapeutic equivalence. The equivalent weight of an element or radical is equal to its atomic weight or formula weight divided by the valence it assumes in compounds. Sodium bicarbonate uses, dose, side effects healing is. Convert the concentration of bicarbonate ion from mgl to mgl as using the expression. If your alkalinity is reported as 100 ppm as caco3 then the amount of acid the lab used in measuring it is 10050 2. Na2co3 produces co32 carbonate anion that can react with two hydrogens so its equivalent weight is one half the formula weight. How would one calculate the equivalent weights of the. Thus, potassium permanganate reacting by double decomposition has an equivalent weight equal to its gram molecular weight, 158. The equivalent weight of an element or radical is equal to the ratio of its atomic weight or formula weight devided by its valency. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
In every case, it is necessary to define the unit weight basis of the resultsppm alkalinity as caco 3 or ppm sulfate as so 4 2 or ppm silica as sio 2. When an acid and base reacts, their interaction can be described according. It also works with the other electrolytes sodium, potassium, and chloride to maintain electrical neutrality at the cellular level. Calculate the equivalent weight of bicarbonate ion using the equation. Nahco3 already has one hydrogen and hco31 bicarbonate anion is the ion to be titrated. What is the equivalent weight of calcium carbonate answers. The equivalent weight of an element is the mass which combines with or displaces 1. Bicarbonate is an electrolyte, a negatively charged ion that is used by the body to help maintain the bodys acidbase ph balance. Equivalent weight, in chemistry, the quantity of a substance that exactly reacts. Name formula molecular weight equivalent weight aluminum sulfate al 2so 4 3 18h 2o 666. The bicarbonate ion hydrogencarbonate ion is an anion with the empirical formula hco. By this definition, an equivalent is the number of moles of an ion in a solution, multiplied by the valence of that ion. In the case of a monovalent compound such as sodium chloride, the equivalent weight is the same as the molecular weight. Hydrogencarbonate is the carbon oxoanion resulting from the removal of a proton from carbonic acid.
As the equivalent weight of bicarbonate is 61 mgmeq we would multiply the 3. Use this equation to calculate the alkalinity in terms of caco 3. Bicarbonate definition of bicarbonate by the free dictionary. How to calculate alkalinity as caco3 ewb ucsb kenya project. Carbonate ion is a polyatomic ion with formula of co3. How to calculate alkalinity as concentration of caco3.
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